Archive for November, 2012

What happens when the modern evolutionary theory of punctuated equilibrium collides with the older theory of mosaic evolution?

What happens when the modern evolutionary theory of punctuated equilibrium collides with the older theory of mosaic evolution? Part of the answer comes from a new, wide-ranging study by paleobiologists Melanie J Hopkins at the Museum fuer Naturkunde Berlin and Scott Lidgard at the Field Museum in Chicago. Their results are published this week in […]

Dinosaurs’ Role in Evolution of Bird Flight

A new study looking at the structure of feathers in bird-like dinosaurs has shed light on one of nature’s most remarkable inventions — how flight might have evolved. Academics at the Universities of Bristol, Yale and Calgary have shown that prehistoric birds had a much more primitive version of the wings we see today, with […]

Dome-Headed Dinosaurs Did More than Just Butt Heads

We have all seen nature shows with footage of bighorn sheep rearing up and “butting heads” with each other using their heads and enlarged horns. People often assume other animals with horns and comparable head structures have similar behaviors. For a long time this was the case for the dome-headed dinosaurs, the pachycephalosaurids (pack-y-sef-a-lo-sore-ids), who […]

Echinoderms Display Morphological and Behavioural Phenotypic Plasticity in Response to Their Trophic Environment

Adam D. Hughes*, Lars Brunner, Elizabeth J. Cook, Maeve S. Kelly, Ben Wilson Department of Ecology, Scottish Association for Marine Science, Oban, Argyll, Scotland The trophic interactions of sea urchins are known to be the agents of phase shifts in benthic marine habitats such as tropical and temperate reefs. In temperate reefs, the grazing activity of sea urchins has […]

Rhino Skull Preserved in Volcanic Ash

Less than 2% of Earth’s fossils are preserved in volcanic rock, but researchers have identified a new one: the skull of a rhino that perished in a volcanic eruption 9.2 million years ago. The find is described in a paper published Nov. 21 in the open access journal PLOS ONE by Pierre-Olivier Antoine and colleagues from the […]

Less than 2% of Earth’s fossils are preserved in volcanic rock, but researchers have identified a new one: the skull of a rhino that perished in a volcanic eruption 9.2 million years ago. The find is described in a paper published Nov. 21 in the open access journal PLOS ONE by Pierre-Olivier Antoine and colleagues from the […]

Bacterial biofilms as fossil makers

Bacterial decay was once viewed as fossilization’s mortal enemy, but new research suggests bacterial biofilms may have actually helped preserve the fossil record’s most vulnerable stuff — animal embryos and soft tissues. A team of 13 scientists led by Indiana University Bloomington biologists Rudolf and Elizabeth Raff found that the invasion of dying embryo cells […]

Fossil Egg Links Dinosaurs to Modern Birds

Researchers have discovered a series of dinosaur eggs with a unique characteristic: they are oval in shape. The discovery supports the theory that birds and non-avian theropods, dinosaurs from the Cretaceous Period, could have a common ancestor. Before her death in December 2010, Nieves López Martínez, palaeontologist of the Complutense University of Madrid, was working […]

Why Some Earthquakes Result in Faster Shaking : A Tabletop Fault Model

The more time it takes for an earthquake fault to heal, the faster the shake it will produce when it finally ruptures, according to a new study by engineers at the University of California, Berkeley, who conducted their work using a tabletop model of a quake fault. “The high frequency waves of an earthquake — […]

“Sauroniops pachytholus” DINO NAMED AFTER LORD OF THE RINGS’

Earlier this year a team of palaeontologists came into the possession of what appeared to be a 95 million-year-old skull cap from a previously unknown dinosaur. Further analysis showed that the bone likely belonged to a carcharodontosaurid — an offshoot of the familiarAllosaurus. Given its unique domed skull, the researchers concluded that it was in […]