Archive for September, 2012

Climate Scientists Put Predictions to the Test

Climate-prediction models show skills in forecasting climate trends over time spans of greater than 30 years and at the geographical scale of continents, but they deteriorate when applied to shorter time frames and smaller geographical regions, a new study has found. Published in the Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres, the study is one of the first to […]

Prehistoric Birds Were Poor Flyers, Research Shows

The evolution of flight took longer than previously thought with the ancestors of modern birds “rubbish” at flying, if they flew at all, according to scientists. Archaeopteryx, the theropod dinosaur believed to be the earliest bird, was discovered 150 years ago but debates about how flight evolved still persist. The two theories are that flight […]

Caltech Researchers Gain Greater Insight into Earthquake Cycles

For those who study earthquakes, one major challenge has been trying to understand all the physics of a fault—both during an earthquake and at times of “rest”—in order to know more about how a particular region may behave in the future. Now, researchers at the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) have developed the first computer […]

Giant ‘balloon of magma’ inflates under Santorini

A new survey suggests that the chamber of molten rock beneath Santorini’s volcano expanded 10-20 million cubic meters – up to 15 times the size of London’s Olympic Stadium – between January 2011 and April 2012. The growth of this ‘balloon’ of magma has seen the surface of the island rise 8-14 centimetres during this […]

Study of Giant Viruses Shakes Up Tree of Life

A new study of giant viruses supports the idea that viruses are ancient living organisms and not inanimate molecular remnants run amok, as some scientists have argued. The study may reshape the universal family tree, adding a fourth major branch to the three that most scientists agree represent the fundamental domains of life. The new findings […]

Research: Ichthyosaur Survival across the Jurassic–Cretaceous Boundary

Ichthyosauria is a diverse clade of marine amniotes that spanned most of the Mesozoic. Until recently, most authors interpreted the fossil record as showing that three major extinction events affected this group during its history: one during the latest Triassic, one at the Jurassic–Cretaceous boundary (JCB), and one (resulting in total extinction) at the Cenomanian-Turonian […]

World’s Smallest Fossil Footprints: Small Amphibian Roamed Earth 315 Million Years Ago

A new set of fossil footprints discovered in Joggins, Nova Scotia, near Amherst, have been identified as the world’s smallest known fossil vertebrate footprints.  The footprints were found at the UNESCO World Heritage Site, the Joggins Fossil Cliffs. A fossil specimen of the ichnogenusBatrachichnus salamandroides was collected by local amateur paleontologist Gloria Melanson, daughter of Don […]

‘Absolutely amazing’ fossil excavated near Richmond

Curator at Kronosaurus Korner museum at Richmond says the well-preserved fossil of a baby Ichthyosaur, being excavated and prepared this week, is “absolutely amazing”. Paul Stumkat says the fossil, discovered last year, is a rare find, “what we’ve got here is probably the most complete baby Ichthyosaur ever found in Australia. This thing is absolutely […]

Strange predatory dinosaur from Europe’s Late Cretaceous

By describing a new double-clawed and highly-unusual relative of Velociraptor, paleontologists have answered a long-standing question: what did the Late Cretaceous predatory dinosaurs in Europe look like? Balaur bondoc, described this week in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, is the first reasonably complete skeleton of a meat-eating dinosaur from the final 60 million years of the […]

Scientists Obtain Rocks Moving Into Seismogenic Zone

An international group of scientists aboard the Deep-Sea Drilling Vessel CHIKYU, operated by the Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC) for the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP), return from a 40-day scientific expedition off the shore of the Kii Peninsula, Japan on Oct. 10, 2009. Expedition 322, called “Subduction Inputs” in the multi-stage […]